![]() ![]() Use extra care when handling to avoid accidental spillage. Make sure flammable items are never near naked flames or sources of heat. Give the heater time to cool after it is switched off. Where possible, avoid handling the heater once it is switched on. Only handle the heater by the outer casing. Also make sure the Bunsen burner is on a safety flame to increase its visibility when not being used. Secure any ties or lanyards and tie back long hair. Remember to tuck seats in so they aren't in the way if you need to move away from spillages quickly. Keep apparatus away from the edge and remain standing during the experiment. For example, by resting the glassware on a flat surface. Keep apparatus away from the edge of the table and make sure it is as stable as possible. Here are some possible answers to each one: Hazard Like getting petrol and diesel from crude oil, the mixture drilled out of the ground. ![]() This process of distillation is used in the chemical industry to separate mixtures of liquids with different boiling points. It’s much cooler here, so the water particles slow down and condense, turning back into a liquid which drips slowly down the tube, and into the cylinder.Īfter we’ve removed all the water from the solution, there’s only salt left behind and this is pure water. The water vapour travels up out of the flask, and down into the water-cooled condenser. When we heat the salt water solution, the particles in the liquid are whizzing around very quickly.Īt the solution’s boiling point, the high energy water molecules break free of the liquid surface, forming water vapour. We’ll put the Bunsen burner under here and a cylinder to collect the water formed as the water vapour condenses. That helps to keep it nice and cool around the central tube. When we connect the bottom part to the tap, it fills with cold water, which flows out the top. There’s a hollow tube through the middle, and a sleeve around the outside. The salt water solution goes into the flask. Add the salt to a beaker and add fresh water until the total mass is 1,000 g. To separate the mixture and collect the solvent, we need to make the water change state.Īnd to do that in the lab we can use something like this. The average salinity of ocean water is 35 ppt. In here, all of the salt and water particles are mixed up. We can separate the salt and the water from the salt water solution using distillation. Salt is a substance that dissolves easily in water, to make a salt water solution. ![]()
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